Sunday 26 February 2023

Chapter Eight: I have a narrow escape from death

(It is early in the year 1761. Charles Huntingdon is staying at his new country home, The Priory, and has met his neighbour Sir James Wilbrahim and his daughter Louisa)      


One afternoon of a fine and frosty day with clear skies and little wind I set out on foot to explore “the hill”, as all the locals called the ridge above them. Walking alone, I decided to ascend by a rocky track up the western edge, where the slope was less steep. Narrow paths led in all directions through untended woodland, the thinness of the soil atop the rock leaving the trees stunted in size and useless as timber. I could not identify most of them for certain, because they were still stark and leafless, though the brambles underneath were already showing some green.

   I climbed upwards until the trees gave out and were replaced by rough grass and heather. There were scattered gorse bushes, some of which were in flower despite the wintry weather. Progress was slow, and I quickly discovered that my shoes were not suitable for such a walk. But I pressed onwards, for I believed I could see the summit ahead.

   But it was not! I found I was only at the western edge of a long ridge, and I would have a considerable walk still if I was to reach the old stones that had so interested my aunt. I paused and looked around. The view was magnificent. Southwards I could see over Bereton and onwards past scattered villages and woodland towards Mulchester, beyond which the land vanished in haze. To the north lay flat plains with more hills in the distance. Smoke rose from chimneys into the windless air. It was an excellent prospect, and the light of the sun, now low on the horizon to the south west, turned the sky a delicate shade worthy of the brush of a great artist such as Claude. I reflected with pride that much of this land was now mine! I decided to leave the summit to some future occasion when the days would be longer and less cold: for the moment I would explore further below this level before turning for home. I set off down the southward slope.

  I walked incautiously. Frost had made the grass slippery, and suddenly I lost my footing, fell on my back and found myself sliding uncontrollably downwards. Twisting my body so that I could see, I was horrified to find myself heading towards – nothing! Immediately below me the slope ended in fresh air!   I reached out with my left hand and grabbed at an ancient gorse bush. Prickles drove through my gloves and into my hand, but I held tight and to my immense relief my slide was halted. I found myself lying on the frozen grass with my feet hanging over a void. I had almost fallen over the lip of a quarry!

   For a while I just lay there, breathing heavily and with my heart pounding. Even today my nearness with death still makes me shudder when I think of it. There was nothing but air beneath my shoes, but my calves still rested on terra firma. With extreme caution I rolled over onto my hands and knees. Looking around, I noticed a narrow rocky path leading downwards on the far side of the quarry which had so nearly been my doom. Rather than risk the grass again, I crawled across to it and descended with great care. It was very steep, and I turned round as though I was climbing down a ladder, holding onto protruding rocks with my hands. But I had made the right choice, for I now found myself on a wide track running along the slope. I sat down on a fallen tree to rest, breathing slowly.

   The quarry must have been abandoned many years before, for trees were growing alongside blocks of stone as high as my waist that had never been removed.  Although I had never before set foot in that place, I was not completely lost. I reasoned that, since I was on the southern side of Brackenridge hill, the leftwards path must lead in the direction of Bereton, and if I turned right, I would be heading west and would eventually come to Bearsclough and home. The gloomy site spoke of desolation, and I was eager to leave it.

  
   As I rose and looked around, I noticed something strange. The quarry was not wholly deserted, for there were marks in the frozen mud: prints of boots and of horse-shoes, both entering the quarry and leaving it. Out of idle curiosity I followed the trail to a narrow gap between the rock face and the remains of a wall of massive stones, where the prints vanished underneath a great mass of brambles.

   I wondered what this signified: since the quarry had been abandoned long ago, why were there these signs of recent movement? and had the brambles been placed there in the hope of keeping away a passing traveller? But I decided to leave the mystery to another time: I had undertaken quite enough explorations for the day; I was tired and much shaken by my narrow escape from death, my clothes were filthy and my feet wet and almost without feeling. Furthermore, clouds were moving in from the west, the light was failing, and I did not want to be out on the hillside in darkness. Accordingly, I followed the path leading westwards, vowing to explore further at some future date. I noted as I walked that there were no footprints here: the mysterious visitors to the old quarry must have come from Bereton and then returned there.

   I strode out with increasing confidence as the path descended through the trees to join the main route to Bearclough that I now knew well. I reached the Priory just as night was falling, where Mrs Timmis threw up her hands in horror at my sorry state and was most reluctant to accept my assurances that I was unhurt. She demanded, rather than requested, that I immediately hand over my dirty clothes for washing, and insisted on having some water heated so that I could bathe in a large copper boiler. I was too tired to put up any resistance to this mothering.

   Despite my bath, and despite the fire in my bedroom grate, I felt very cold that night. A storm of hail had arisen from nowhere to beat like a fusillade of musket balls against my window, and it was long before I fell asleep. Staines was right, I thought: it was high time I left the country and returned to London and the pleasures of the city.

 

   As it happened, the very next day I received a letter from Lord Teesdale himself, suggesting that I should meet him to discuss the prospects for Bereton at the coming general election. This, I thought, gave me an indisputable excuse; and so, despite the pleas of Clifford that affairs of my Bearsclough estates still needed my attention, I announced my intention of departing for London without delay, promising to return in the spring.

   Before travelling I was called to another meeting with Sir James. He had discarded his wig and wore a turban, beneath which his short-cut hair was iron grey, so that he now resembled a badger more than ever. Our talk involved only some small matters of business, and was approached cautiously on both sides, for he had clearly not yet made up his mind on whether I should be accounted a friend, and I had no desire to antagonise an influential neighbour. I came away with the feeling that there was an underlying note of sadness in his life, though I did not yet know him well enough to guess the reason.

   I was about to leave Stanegate when Miss Louisa Wilbrahim sought me out and took me by the hand.

   “You must return here very soon!” she commanded, “And while you are away, you must write to me every week – every day! – and tell me all the news from London! Tell me about the concerts and the theatres and what the ladies are wearing! I shall expect full reports!” I was about to laugh at her imperious tone, but the look in her eyes as she gazed up at me was so strange, a mixture of pleading, wistfulness and sorrow, that the laugh died on my lips. I assured her that of course I would write frequently, and asked whether I should also send her some books. Oh yes please! she exclaimed; poetry and plays; as many books as you can!

   As I rode Alexander away from Stanegate I turned and saw her standing in the doorway. We both waved.   

    

   Back at the Priory I selected volumes of Shakespeare’s comedies, works by Addison, Dryden and others and translations from the French and Latin, and ordered them to be wrapped in a parcel for despatch to Stanegate. Mrs Waring was visibly horrified at the blasphemy of creating gaps on her shelves, and then fussed around tying up each precious book with ribbon. Mrs Timmis oversaw the packing of my boxes, and when all was ready Henry the silent stableman drove me to Mulchester to meet the stagecoach for my journey to London. I had only been living in the country a few weeks, but already it seemed an age. I looked forward to meeting once again my friends in the capital and recounting to them my new fund of stories; and I would tell Lord Teesdale about the stubborn Jacobites of Stanegate, and ask whether the ministers should be informed of potential treasonable activity. As the coach rolled on southwards, I reflected that, despite everything I had seen and heard, I as yet knew very little about my new home. I determined to remedy this next time I was at the Priory: I would start by pressing Mrs Timmis for information, for she would surely have many more stories to tell.

 

Sunday 19 February 2023

Chapter Seven: Sir James Wilbrahim

(Charles Huntingdon is now living in the house he has inherited near the town of Bereton)    

I realised that when living in the country I would need a horse. Never having owned one before, and having ridden but seldom, I sought the advice of Ned Timmis, and before many days had passed he announced that he had found one suitable for me: a handsome but quiet chestnut gelding, fifteen hands high, named Alexander. The price, he informed me, would be twenty guineas, which he considered very fair for a horse of this quality. Since I knew nothing of what a good horse should cost, I had to accept his judgement. I loved Alexander from the first, and began to ride every day that the weather permitted, inspecting all the country within a day’s reach. I wondered whether I would in time be brave enough to go hunting, like a true country gentleman.

 

  At Clifford’s suggestion I had written a polite note to Sir James Wilbrahim, telling him of my arrival at the Priory to take up my inheritance and expressing a desire to meet him. I now received an invitation to dine at Stanegate Hall with other gentlemen of the neighbourhood. The next night of the full moon was suggested, weather permitting, to allow me to ride home afterwards.

   I asked Clifford to tell me about Sir James. I learned that he had been a Member of Parliament for Bereton for many years, and so was his father before him. The family were staunch Tories and hostile to all governments since 1714, whereas Mr and Mrs Andrew had been lifelong Whigs and Hanoverians, and rivalry between the two households had been fierce. Sir James would no doubt be wanting to sound out my political opinions, and to know what course I was likely to take at the forthcoming general election.

   I next asked Mrs Timmis what I might expect to discover at Stanegate.

  “I really couldn’t say, sir”, she replied, with evident caution. “I’ve never so much as set eyes on the house for that many years. The master and mistress didn’t visit Sir James, nor did he ever come here. Everyone knew that he didn’t consider King George to be our rightful King, and there was plenty of others around as thought the same, though us here was of the contrary opinion. And Sir James’s poor wife, Lady Catherine was her name, she died soon after her daughter was born, that was the year after the rebels came through here, and Sir James, he’s never married again, and ever since they’ve kept themselves to themselves over at Stanegate. I’ve heard say that there’s no-one much there now, ‘cept him and his daughter, that’s called Miss Louisa, and some old servants, and only a few friends to visit, such as the Rector, that’s called Mr Bunbridge.

   “If I might be so bold as to give advice, sir; be careful what you say there, and don’t tell too much about yourself.” I thanked her and said I would bear it in mind.

     When I next met her brother Ned, I asked him if Sir James was regarded as a good landlord.

   “Well, sir, there’s plenty round here that’s a sight worse”, he replied, after much thought. “If he’s strict with his tenants, that’s blamed on his agent, Bagley: a hard man. Squire Wilbrahim now; he keeps the cottages in good repair, and he’s very understanding if someone falls sick, and sends them food or money if they’re in need. But he’ll allow no-one to interfere with his fox coverts, for he lives for his hunting. And the one thing he’ll never forgive is poaching.

  “Oh aye: it were four or five years back”, he continued, warming to his theme, “he had poor George Norton, committed to the Bridewell for taking just one rabbit what had been a-eating of his cabbages; and he one of my best workmen, and harvest time coming on! But I ups and tells the mistress, and she gets Mr Clifford on the case to ask a power of questions of everyone, and a fair quantity of money got put around, and before you could tell it, George Norton was freed!”

   “Did Mrs Andrew believe Norton was innocent then?” I asked.

   Timmis shook his head and gave a sly throaty chuckle. “If tha asks me, sir, I reckon she done it just to annoy Squire Wilbrahim. And he wasn’t half angry too! We all had a good laugh at that!”

     

  Armed with this information, I rode Alexander to see Sir James in the afternoon of the day suggested. Everyone assured me that the house was easy to find: all I had to do was take the road eastwards out of Bereton and I would soon catch sight of it.

   The first sign was two gateposts bearing much worn limestone figures of eagles, which I presumed must be the Wilbrahim crest. The gates were open, and the little lodge-cottage beside them appeared to be deserted, so I rode up the gravel path to the house itself.

    Stanegate Hall was a curious construction. It was built on a slope facing south, and at its centre was an old square tower with narrow lancet windows; dating no doubt from more troubled times. The entrance door had been cut into this, not centrally and clearly at a much later date, with pilasters on either side and a curved pediment above. To the right, on the southern side, a more modern building had been added, with three stories of high broad windows. Everything was constructed of pale grey stone, doubtless quarried from Brackenridge hill.

   Being uncertain of the distance, I had set off in good time and in consequence arrived somewhat early, when other guests had not yet appeared. I was met by an aged servant, whom I later discovered was known simply as William, who ushered me into the library and abandoned me there, pleading that his master was engaged in important business with the Rector, but would be with me very shortly.


   I examined the room. It was panelled in dark oak, which made it feel gloomy and oppressive. The shelves were ponderously stacked with old books, mostly of sermons and religious devotion by obscure divines. When I pulled one book from the shelf, its binding was thick with dust. Above the fireplace was a portrait at full length of a man with a beard and padded breeches. It was not well painted. The background was plain black, relieved only by one corner where was depicted a coat of arms of many quarterings. I guessed it was an ancestor of Sir James, from the time of Elizabeth or James the First. While I was studying the picture, I heard a voice singing. The door at the far end opened, and I saw a young girl.

   She was, I thought, about fourteen years old; not tall, slender, with fair skin and hair, dressed simply. She was singing some old country air quietly to herself in a very fine voice. She blushed when she saw me. I apologised for intruding upon her, and introduced myself, saying that I was her new neighbour, having but recently inherited the Priory over at Bearsclough. “And you must be Miss Louisa Wilbrahim?” I asked. She nodded and curtsied, and smiled at me.

   “So you are Mrs Andrew’s nephew? I was sorry to learn that she died, for she was very kind to me. Sometimes when my father was away, William would take me to the Priory to visit her. But I haven’t been there since I was small.”

   She asked me about my life in London. Most of my doings were hardly fit for her ears, so I recounted my memory of Garrick’s theatrical performances, which interested her greatly. “I would love go to town and see a play!” she said wistfully. I thought her a sweet child, and that it was a pity that she should be buried away in such a remote, decaying place.  

   A fat and remarkably plain woman, who appeared to be the housekeeper, entered and looked at me with grave suspicion, but then Sir James appeared and greeted me. He was accompanied by a gentleman in clerical garb who was introduced to me as Mr Bunbridge, the Rector of Bereton. “Ah, so you have met Miss Wilbrahim! She sings very prettily, does she not?” the latter said, adding, “I have had the privilege of being her teacher, though I fear my musical skills are negligible.” Louisa curtsied again, and left the room without a word. I thought the look he gave her departing form was unpleasant.

   The two gentlemen made a noted contrast. Sir James was tall, but walked with a slight stoop. He resembled his daughter not at all, and his dark eyebrows, black eyes and sharp protruding nose made me think of a badger. He was dressed all in brown, with a large wig of a kind that had long since ceased to be fashionable in the capital, and he smelt strongly of snuff. The Rector was fat and florid in complexion, with a snub nose and prominent lips.

   Sir James noticed my interest in the old portrait. “That, sir is my ancestor, Sir Thomas Wilbrahim, who was created a baronet by King James”, he told me. “His son fought for King Charles in the rebellion, though he lost greatly by it; and ever since then, the eldest son has always been named James or Charles. And we remained loyal to the family of Stuart, representing this borough in Parliament from the usurpation of 1689 and through the unhappy events of fifteen years ago down to the present day. But now all that is over, for I have no son, nor even a nephew! Our line is at an end”.

   “But you have a daughter”, I replied, “And she is very pretty, and like to become a fine and beautiful lady, if I may be permitted to say so”.

   “Yes”, he said, “a daughter!” and he sighed deeply before adding, in a firm tone, “She is a pure unspoilt country maiden, and I intend that she should remain so, for she is of the very noblest descent.” I took this to be a warning against taking too close an interest in the fair Louisa.

   We were led into the newer part of the house. I complimented my host, saying that I thought these rooms very tasteful in design. “Yes, sir,” he answered, “My grandfather, another Sir James, had them built during the reign of Queen Anne, our last true and legitimate sovereign. My father vowed to alter nothing until the true and legitimate line is restored to the throne.” Here was a Jacobite indeed, I thought, but ventured no comment.

   The dining room contained several pictures, with pride of place given to a representation of King Charles the First, with an expression of great sadness on his face as if anticipating his own martyrdom, and wearing a vast black hat. The table was of dark oak, and was set with old earthenware plates rather than fine china. Many of the wineglasses had “Redeat”: “He shall return”; engraved on them. Our host’s glass was engraved with the portrait of a man: I could not see it clearly, but I supposed it must represent either James Stuart, the Pretender, or his son Charles, who in December 1745 had led the rebel forces down from Scotland before retreating and suffering defeat at Culloden. Lord Staines had told me that Sir James Wilbrahim was a lifelong Jacobite, but I assumed it was merely a harmless family tradition.

                                                       (Jacobite wineglasses)

   I was introduced to the company as their new neighbour. Beside our host and the Rector, four other gentlemen were present. They made little impression upon me and I soon forgot their names. They all wore the wigs and clothes of an earlier generation, and their faces were as weather-beaten as Timmis’s, I presumed by lifetimes dedicated to foxhunting. I thought how much Lord Staines and our London friends would have mocked them for their old-fashioned rustic ways. Others, I supposed, might have said that such country squires as these were the backbone of England, but I could not help but ask myself whether, after the interesting times I had enjoyed in London, I would really wish to spend my life in the company of men such as these.

   The meal now began, served by a party of aged footmen in ancient uniforms, organised by William. It was all plain fare, mostly from Sir James’s estates, and in immense quantities: a great saddle of mutton, a huge pie, a haunch of venison, various birds, and several side dishes and puddings. Sir James asked me whether I did not prefer these to what I had eaten in London; spoiled, as he put it, by “those damned French sauces”. I hastened to praise how well the meal had been cooked. The bottles of claret we consumed were numerous, with brandy to follow.

  There was in the early stages of the meal little conversation beyond grunts of pleasure as the assembled gentlemen concentrated on guzzling their food. Mr Bunbridge, when he deigned to look up from his plate, regarded me coldly with his steely-grey eyes, suggesting suspicion or even hostility.

      Louisa was the only female at the table. She sat silent and ate but little. Since she was not seated near me, I could do no more than smile at her. After a while Sir James nodded to her, as a sign that she should withdraw. I thought she gave me a wistful glance as she rose to her feet. At no stage had he addressed her directly, which I thought strange. It came to my mind, on this and on later occasions, that he treated her as if she was a prized piece of delicate glass or porcelain rather than his daughter.

   Conversation now increased. I was asked about myself, and how I came to be living at the Priory. I explained that I was as surprised as anyone to find myself Mrs Andrew’s heir, since I had not seen her since I was a child. I said that I knew nothing whatsoever of the town of Bereton, though I understood that Lord Teesdale was a landowner in the district.

   Mention of this name brought some muttering. As Clifford had warned me, the Earl was clearly not well liked. I hastened to add that I was in no way beholden to him and would at all times be entirely independent in my conduct. This appeared to satisfy the diners for the moment, and they once more fell to their meats with gusto.

   Next Sir James, to general agreement, damned the ministry, and all “Hanover rats” as he styled them, and the war, and the high level of taxation, in the most violent language. All those present agreed with these sentiments. My mention of Lord Teesdale then led him to a discourse on the subject of that nobleman.

   “Teesdale and some others are projecting to build a canal from Mulchester, to link with the Severn, or the Mersey, and I know not where else besides. Fools! I will none of it! They thought of driving this canal across some lands of mine, and informed me it would bring much business here. And I informed them, sir, that this land my grandfather owned, and his grandfather before him, and that never would I countenance such despoliation! What is more, this canal would certainly destroy my best fox coverts! Also, I have refused permission to prospect for coal here. What should I want with coal? We have wood aplenty on our hill!”

     To this the Rector vehemently agreed. One of the gentlemen told how, in a neighbouring county, a great rabble of coalminers had descended upon the rabbit warrens and stripped them bare, with the magistrates and constables outnumbered and unable to stop the outrage. Another warned me that there had been far too much unpunished poaching on my land in recent years, and hoped that I would now suppress it with a firm hand. I nodded, but thought it best to say nothing.

   Sir James then turned to me. “Though I am glad, sir, to welcome you to our town, I shall not conceal from you that I was no friend to Mrs Andrew and her husband. They were a pair of damned Whigs! I hope that you know better?”

   Assuming the role of a very ignorant young man, I asked him what the old party labels might mean nowadays, since they always appeared to refer to questions long past. The Rector answered for him, saying, “The Tory Party, sir, believes in a free monarchy and the apostolic succession of the Church of England. The Whigs are a pestilent faction that has corruptly held our country in subjection under a German usurper for nigh on fifty years! Why sir; if England had ever been honestly polled, the King would have been packed off back to Hanover and the ministers hanged from the lamp-posts!” All the party laughed heartily at this.

   I replied, mildly enough, that I thought times were changing and that under our new monarch I hoped the old labels would no longer matter, but that all parties should now unite for the good of the country. All present agreed that they entertained hopes for our new King, George III, since he was at least born and raised in England and spoke English; and they trusted he would no longer subject England to the interests of “that horrid German Electorate” (for such they styled Hanover). Sir James explained that he had supported the present war at the start, for the honour of the nation had been at stake, but now considered that it was being continued solely for the benefit of the London bankers and stock-jobbers, with the cost inevitably to fall on country gentry like him and his friends. They all nodded in agreement to this sentiment.

      Talking to the Rector, I praised my curate, Mr Chamberlain, but this proved to be a mistake. “I did not wish him to be appointed, sir; but the Bishop is another of these damned Whigs, and so is the Archdeacon, and they listened to Mrs Andrew rather than to me!” he grumbled. “The fellow models himself on Wesley and Whitefield! No gentleman, sir, wishes to sit through interminable lectures on the state of his soul!” I did not attempt to pursue the topic further.  

   The coming election was mentioned, and I was asked whom I would be supporting as candidates for the borough. I said that I understood that at the last election Sir James and Mr Bailey had been returned unopposed, without the need for a poll, and suggested that it might be best that the situation should continue, thus saving the vast expense of a contest.

   Sir James shook his head. Mr Ephraim Bailey, he explained, was an extremely rich merchant and a friend of Lord Teesdale, and had succeeded in the election by distributing immense sums of money as gifts or loans to the voters. He himself, Sir James said, had indignantly refused any such bribes, and he trusted his friends had done the same (I noticed that one or two of his guests looked the other way at this). He furthermore informed me that not only was Bailey “another damned Hanoverian,” but since his election, “he has not lifted a finger to help the town, sir! Not a single penny of his own money has he spent here since the election!”

   One of the others intervened to say, “Bailey promised us the earth; nay, the entire universe, sir! And what came of these promises? Why: nothing at all!”

   There were nods and grunts of agreement. It was generally agreed that Bailey was nothing more than a puppet of Lord Teesdale. I was glad that I had not mentioned my connexion with the family, and remembered how Lord Staines had told me that Mr Bailey now seldom left Hampstead.

  The Rector said that if a local gentleman could be found to replace Bailey, “the whole town would be most grateful!” There was general agreement. I wondered what part I should play in the coming election, now that I had become a man of influence in Bereton; and the Rector attempted to draw me out on this.

   “Mrs Andrew, I regret to say, followed Teesdale’s lead in the elections and supported Bailey. I trust you will be better advised, sir?” I took refuge in replying, truthfully enough, that as yet I had but little knowledge of politics and elections.

   The discussion then turned to local matters: the prices they received for the corn and beasts from their estates (low, through the iniquity of the merchants), their tenants (for the most part idle and dishonest), and, with much animation, the prospects for good foxhunting next season. The gentlemen compared the merits of their horses and their hounds, all of which they knew by name, recounted tales of triumph and disasters on the hunting field, and spoke of the prospects for future hunts.  They praised the valour and intelligence of their hounds, who bore names such as Dido, Traveller, Cleopatra or Ringwood, with as much tender affection as if they had been speaking of their wives or mistresses. I had nothing to contribute to this discussion, and I was beginning to think they had forgotten my presence. The Rector, however, brought me into the discussion by confiding to me the names of his hounds and bitches. He reeled off a string of these; Dorceus, Theron, Harpyia and others, which meant nothing to me at all. He then sat back while waiting for a response. I sensed that I was being given a challenge, and that the names must reflect some episode in ancient Greek or Roman literature, which he was waiting to see if I could identify. But my mind remained a blank, and when I could do no more than mutter something devoid of meaning, I noticed a sneer of triumph cross his face. He rolled his eyes to the ceiling and muttered “Cambridge!” in a tone of contempt, as he dismissed me as a man of little learning. This episode did nothing to increase my liking for the reverend gentleman.

 

   When eventually the talk ceased, we rose to our feet and Sir James proposed a loyal toast to the King, which was drunk with great fervour, much to my surprise. The Rector then proposed a toast to the Pretender, which we also drank, “And who is to say which is the King and which the Pretender?” he asked me, with a chuckle made sinister by a steady gaze from his steel-grey eyes, and I suddenly recalled Mrs Timmis’s mysterious reference, some days before, to the “rebels coming through”. I had, of course, long ago been told how the Young Pretender, Charles Edward Stuart and his Scots followers had in December 1745 marched down through Lancashire before turning back at Derby, but it had never occurred to me that they had passed through Bereton. If they had, then what part had my host and his friends played in the rebellion? For an instant I was minded to ask them, but remembered Clifford’s advice and held my silence. Instead, I complimented Sir James on the fine quality of his wine.

  “Yes indeed!” he replied, “It is the best; and I have a man who supplies it me, well away from the noses of those rascals of the Customs and Excise. Yes, and the brandy and tobacco too!” At this all the other gentlemen chuckled and raised their glasses in a mock toast, and I guessed that he meant that the goods were smuggled. One gentleman turned to me and said, “No doubt you’ll be wanting good wine and brandy. I can tell you where to find them!” He accompanied this invitation with a heavy wink.  Another gentleman loudly damned “That horrid tax, the Excise; collected by salaried wretches,” which brought general approval from round the table.

      Soon after this I rose to depart, pleading the need to return to the Priory while there was still sufficient moonlight. I thanked Sir James for his hospitality, at which he took me warmly by the hand and said, “Sir, I hope we can be good neighbours. Your family were interlopers, but that is not your fault.” I did not understand what he meant by this, but made no comment. I left the company and, thanks to my steady horse that knew the way, reached home without mishap, despite all the drink I had consumed. As I rode slowly along the rough path, with the stars blazing bright in a cold and cloudless sky and the trees black and sinister in the moonlight, I reflected how strange life was. How could events of many years ago, which to young men like me were merely history, still command men’s allegiance? But then I thought: we are still at war with France; what if the French provide ships and soldiers to support a new Jacobite rebellion? Could the loyalty of Sir James and his friends be trusted? Rather than ask questions locally, I resolved to discuss the threat with Lord Teesdale the next time I met him.

 

   The next day I described my meeting with Sir James to Mrs Waring, and asked her why he had described my aunt and uncle as “interlopers”. When I saw her pale eyes suddenly become animated at this request for more historical knowledge, I feared I would be treated to an endless lecture; and I pleaded that I could only afford a few minutes of time before attending to an urgent matter of business. No doubt disappointed by this, she contented herself with explaining that in the great rebellion of a hundred years before which overthrew King Charles the First, Sir James Wilbrahim’s great-grandfather had fought for that unfortunate monarch, and in consequence had had much of his property seized. The Priory, which had formerly been his, was then sold to the grandfather of Mr Andrew, a rich merchant from Bristol, and there had been enmity between the families ever since. I commented that I hoped that these ancient feuds could now be ended.

   I mentioned that the Rector appeared to be a man of learning, but this caused Mrs Waring to exclaim, “Mr Bunbridge a scholar?” in a voice of the utmost scorn.

  I described to Mrs Timmis how I had met Miss Louisa Wilbrahim, and how she had mentioned to me how my aunt had been kind to her. This brought a gushing response.
  “Ah, she was such a sweet little poppet! The mistress, not having any children of her own, loved her like she was her own child! Now at home, what with her mother being dead and she not having a proper nurse to look after her, only that dreadful Mrs Piddock the housekeeper, sometimes when Sir James was away the mistress had her brought over here, and read books of poems with her, and promised to teach her French and I don’t know what else! Or when the mistress was busy, our Ned would take her for walks round the farms. But her father got to hear as how she’d been playing with the village children, and he said it wasn’t proper for a young lady in her station, and he put a stop to it, and she didn’t come here no more. We haven’t set eyes on her since. We all felt sorry for her, all alone in that old house with Mrs Piddock the only female company, though she’s got her own maid now, a girl from the town that’s called Becky, so that’s better than nothing. I’m sure she would have been that pleased to make your acquaintance, sir!”

   When I said that I had not much liked Mr Bunbridge, Mrs Timmis was emboldened to vent her own opinions on the subject of that gentleman.

  “Well, sir, I know it’s not my place to criticise my betters, I’m sure, but that Rector, he’s got a bad name around here. He’s never once come to this parish, and if it hadn’t been for the mistress our church would have tumbled down, and little he’d have cared! He’s got an ugly wife and a brood of children, and for all he might play the tyrant abroad, at home she rules him with a rod of iron, that she does!”

 

   On the following Sunday I attended Bereton church, where Sir James with great courtesy invited me to his family pew: a sturdy pen of oak, where we could sit invisible to the rest of the congregation. Mr Bunbridge conducted the service with authority and preached his sermon with a strong voice, though his method of delivery was less dramatic than that of Mr Chamberlain. I was surprised that he chose for his subject the rebellion of David against King Saul, for the implication appeared almost to encourage treason. Sir James, however, nodded in agreement; though how far he was really listening I could not ascertain.

                                      (Private pew at St. John the Baptist church, Stokesay)

 I described all this, and my other experiences, in letters I wrote to my London friends. My pen quite ran away with me and I waxed most satirical on what I had experienced of the Fitzboobies, as Lord Staines had once designated them: their conversation and manners and tastes. In return, Henry Darnwell passed on some gossip of the town, and John Roberts, who was a fount of obscure learning, informed me that the names of the Rector’s hounds were taken from one of the fables of Ovid.

   Lord Staines replied that nothing in my description of Sir James’s dinner party had surprised him in the least. “I truly pity those who are obliged to live in the country, for I can scarcely bear to stay there for a week. I anticipate that you too will soon find the call of the joys of London impossible to resist!” I was beginning to think he was right: I must indeed return to the capital before long.


Sunday 12 February 2023

Chapter Six: A new home and new friends

(Charles Huntingdon has journeyed from London and arrived at his new home, The Priory, inherited from his aunt)  

When I awoke, there was a single shaft of light between the shutters, which had not been fully closed. For a moment I wondered where I was, before recalling that this was now my home. Noises from downstairs indicated that the household was already up and about. I rang the bell beside the bed, and soon a young servant girl entered with a candle. Despite the early hour she was neatly dressed in brown with a white cap, and I was gratified to see that Mrs Timmis had kept her charges in such good order.

   She curtsied and appeared very shy, but I smiled at her and requested that she should light candles and then bring me hot water for washing. My watch told me that it was a quarter to eight, and I reflected that people in the country rose much earlier than those in town, where some of my friends had been known to lie abed until noon. While I waited for her to return, I opened the shutters and looked out on my new lands. The window was an old-fashioned casement with small diamond-shaped panes of glass. Outside, it looked clear and cold: the wet weather had departed and with a single star glimmered faintly in the sky. The few small clouds showed a pale pink underneath.

   My window must have faced south-east, for as I watched the sky turned orange as the sun peeped above the horizon. I saw a bright sparkle reflected from the snow atop Brackenridge hill. I had never seen such a sight before, and stood there gazing at it. The serving girl must have been surprised on her return to find me at the window in nothing but my nightshirt. When I asked, she told me her name was Ellen. Although little more than a child, she scarcely appeared intimidated by my presence.

   Having no-one to assist me in dressing, I asked her to undertake the task. It quickly became obvious that she knew nothing of men’s clothing, and in consequence there was much fumbling on her part. When she buttoned my shirt wrongly for the second time I pretended to be annoyed, and gave her a playful slap on the rump, which made her giggle, and I could not help smiling myself. Indeed, when the task was completed and I dismissed her, saying that she would soon learn the correct method of dressing me, she dutifully curtsied, but the look she gave me on withdrawing could only be described as saucy.

   It occurred to me that she would undoubtedly be recounting her experience to her fellow-servants, who would all be eager for early reports on me. What would they think, and what would Mrs Timmis make of it when she heard of it, as she undoubtedly would? But I did not care: here I was in my own home, the first I had ever owned, and I felt immensely proud and happy. The happiness increased when I passed downstairs and found the ample breakfast of freshly baked bread, butter, bacon and tea that had been prepared for me. In the midst of her bustling about, Mrs Timmis enquired whether everything had met with my approval, and I replied truthfully that I was entirely satisfied.

   Afterwards I reflected that I had entirely ignored Lord Staines’s advice on how to treat my new servants, and I wondered what he would have done in my position. I doubted whether he would have struck the chambermaid: more likely he would have found some fault with her costume, or accused her of lateness or of yawning in his face, however unjustified this might be, and coldly criticised her at length for her incompetence with the buttons. He would have complained to Mrs Timmis about her, and demanded better service in future, and turned up his nose at the breakfast as unbefitting someone of his rank. And as for any concern about what Mrs Timmis might think: I could imagine him telling me, with biting sarcasm in his voice, that it was strange I should be concerned about what my housekeeper thought. I imagined him shaking his head in a mixture of sorrow and disgust at my feeble behaviour and predicting that it would not be long before my servants, not I, would be running the household and doing whatever their fancy suggested. But on reflection I decided that, if it was indeed Mrs Timmis, not I, who was the sole director of my household, then so be it: I was comfortable with such an arrangement.

                                             (A cartoon of a chaotic 18th century kitchen!)

   Over the next few days Mrs Timmis began treating me more like a son than a master: a son she had never had, since by and by I discovered that she had never married but was universally known as “Mrs Timmis” out of respect. Before long she felt bold enough to recount her memories of my childhood visit, which had been back in 1744, when I was brought to the Priory by my mother to meet her relatives.

“I remember that!" she exclaimed, "It was the year before the rebels came through. You were so polite and well-mannered!" she told me, "The mistress loved you straight away!”

  I replied that I had very few memories of that visit, but I did recall that Mr Andrew was in bed when I was introduced to him, and that when he eventually rose for dinner, he walked with great difficulty, supported by two crutches.

   Mrs Timmis nodded, and looked very sad. “Yes, poor man; the master’s health was bad for many years, and when he died his friends thought it came as a relief after all his sufferings. And so the mistress was left a widow, without children, and she never remarried. But she held your mother in great affection, that she did, and she had always resolved that you should be her heir."

  I asked her to tell me more about my aunt, and she replied that Mrs Andrew was always reading old books and writing letters, but was also a lady of the greatest kindness, respected throughout the neighbourhood. I could imagine how angry Lord Staines would have been at such familiarity from a servant.

 

   The next few days were spent mostly in the library: a long room in the older part of the house, with curious plasterwork on the ceiling. The shelves were full of books and there were piles of papers everywhere. Clifford pointed out portraits of Mr and Mrs Andrew, painted by some unknown country artist. Mr Andrew wore a wig of the fashion of forty years ago, and his wife a bonnet. They both looked stern and unmoving, but I was assured that in reality this was by no means the case. I wished I could have known them, my benefactors. Clifford was loud in their praise:

   “I was born in this village, and it was only through the great benevolence of Mr and Mrs Andrew that I was first taught my letters, and then apprenticed to an attorney. I am eternally grateful to them, and I hope I shall now work for you.”

   This made me wonder whether Mrs Andrew had paid for my education as well. I was sure that must have been the case, though my parents had never told me anything about it. I had no opportunity to enquire further, for I was now near overwhelmed in a turmoil of activity, as I attempted to understand the full nature of my inheritance. Clifford brought me great bundles of documents showing me the extent of my new ealth. The ancestors of Mr Andrew, I gathered, had for several generations built up the family property by a policy of prudent marriages, careful purchase of land, investment in government funds and East India stock and I know not what else, and had in consequence become a family of substance. His wife, Isobel, my aunt, had also been an heiress, through whom came slate quarries in Wales and coalmines on the Cumbrian coast. The total income of my inheritance amounted to the handsome sum of almost four thousand pounds a year. Clifford trusted that I would find everything in order. For the moment I felt I could do little but have confidence his honesty, and I put my signature to a number of documents that he said required immediate attention.

   The household expenses amounted to very little. For the last few years my aunt had spent hardly any money except on food and books, and I had the feeling that Clifford derived a vicarious pleasure from this miserliness. He took on a gloomy tone when he suggested that I would probably wish to diminish my inheritance with expenditure on clothes, on horses and carriages, on extra servants, on sporting pursuits, on gaming ….. I cut him short at this point, assuring him that on the last two items at least he had nothing to fear. I concluded the discussion by asking a few trifling questions about details of the estate, just to show that I was giving due attention to what he placed before me; though in reality there was too much for my immediate comprehension.

   As a variation from this tiring and dull but very necessary activity, I began to explore my new home thoroughly, and, weather permitting, to venture out and explore the surroundings. I knew very little about architecture, but looked to me as if few alterations had been made to the house in the past half century or more, and some parts looked far older. All Clifford was able to tell me was that there had once been a monastic house on the site. He thought I might find out more from my aunt’s papers.

   Outside, I was shown a kitchen garden surrounded by a wall, where only some frostbitten cabbages stood above the frostbitten soil, and the apple trees in the orchard were bare and stark. I was told most were too old to bear much good fruit, but Mrs Andrew could not bear to have them cut down. A long greenhouse stood against a south-facing wall, but as far as I could see there was little inside it. To the south-west of the house I found a formal garden of gravel paths, low evergreen hedges and rose bushes. Mrs Andrew, I was told, took great delight in her garden and loved to stroll here whenever the weather permitted, and the roses were a fine sight on a summer’s day. Now it all looked untended. Then there was a dairy, a baker’s oven and a brew-house. I was taken to the stables, but found there no horse suitable for me to ride, and no vehicle except the trap in which I had been brought; for my aunt in her final years had scarcely ventured out at all. I concluded I would need a horse to ride if I was to know the district.   On the eastern side of the house were fields with scattered trees and clumps of bushes, leading towards the western end of Brackenridge hill. Apart from a few miserable-looking sheep, no animals were to be seen. I imagined it might be a fine prospect in the spring, but in winter weather it was a sad, gloomy sight.

    Bearsclough was a hamlet of a score of cottages owned by the Priory and occupied by villagers who worked on the farms, and a small church dedicated to St. Martin. It was to this that he now led me: a curious old affair built of oak with lath and plaster between the timbers, with stone only for the foundations. The roof had with several slates broken or missing from the south-east corner. I was told that the Rector of Bereton, Mr Bunbridge, seldom set foot in our church, instead leaving the duties to a curate on a stipend of a mere £5 per quarter. I was introduced to this ill-used cleric; Samuel Chamberlain by name, a young man who was tall, thin and cadaverous in his appearance, with a look in his eye that could have indicated either determination or hunger, or possibly both.

  Inside the church it was dark, with heavy oak beams crossing the nave and only a few benches for the worshippers. The font looked very ancient, and the oaken pulpit was, I guessed, the work of some village carpenter. On the southern wall near the entrance door there was a board that told, in faded paint, how a gentleman a century earlier had left money to pay poor families of the parish a shilling each at Christmas.

   There was a memorial to Mr Andrew on the north wall, consisting of a few lines in Latin enclosed in a Doric frame.  Mrs Andrew, I was told, had desired nothing more for herself than a single line in addition to this. I promised to have this done. I was shown where Mr Andrew was buried in the churchyard, and where his wife had now been laid to rest beside him.

    Reflecting that, but for good fortune, this curate’s fate could have been my own, I promised to myself to do what I could for the poor fellow. An opportunity for this came when he told me that Mrs Andrew had once determined that all the children in the village should learn to read, but that the project had come to nothing on account of her age and final illness. I suggested that he should himself undertake the task, which he appeared very pleased to accept, and not, I thought, merely for the addition to his stipend that I offered him. I asked why the church roof was in such plain need of repair, and was told that Mrs Andrew had indeed left money for this purpose in her will, but that as yet none had been forthcoming. I promised to remedy the matter.

  

   I was informed that much of the land around was leased to Mrs Timmis’s brother Ned, whom I now met. He came stomping into the rear entrance of the Priory, removing his massive boots before entering the kitchen.

   He stood nervously twisting his hat in his hands, occasionally giving me a wary glance but mostly looking at the ground. He much resembled his sister, being stout and strong, with blue eyes. His hands were large and rough from his work, and his face was completely round, with cheeks red as apples. I thought he had the look of an honest man, but honest or not, my complete ignorance of agriculture would oblige me to depend on him for the foreseeable future.

   Braving the cold weather, I requested that he should take me round the village. My London clothes were hardly suitable for such a venture, but Mrs Timmis found me a coat belonging to one of the gardeners, and thus equipped, I set forth.

   At first Ned Timmis addressed me as “Sir” almost every time he drew breath, but as he grew accustomed to me this gradually diminished, until in the end he hardly uttered the word at all. I was sure that Lord Staines would have pulled him up very sharply on this, but I did not bother. I asked him about his sister, saying that she appeared a very capable woman, and he was loud in her praise.

 “There’s none around here can beat her in bargaining! And she knows everyone in Bereton, and everyone’s business; that she does. If you want to find out what’s going on, you ask her!” He told me, with some pride, that there had been Timmises in Bearsclough for time out of mind, for “the mistress” (by whom he meant Mrs Andrew) was a “scholard“, who “had read it in some old books”.

  I learnt that his sister, who was a few years older than him, had been taken on at the Priory while still a child, and had remained there ever since. For the past couple of years, she, Mr Clifford and he himself had had complete management of the house and estate, because the mistress hardly ventured out of doors “on account of her feet”. I felt I would have to continue this arrangement of business, at least for the moment. He had the look of an honest man, but honest or not, my complete ignorance of agriculture would oblige me to depend on him for the foreseeable future.

   The road through the village of Bearsclough looked much more suitable for riding a horse than for driving any kind of vehicle, and would have been very muddy but for the fact that the surface was currently frozen. The cottages were in a far better condition than the ones I had seen in the woods on my journey, and most had small gardens attached, though at that season only a few frostbitten stumps were to be seen. Several children came out from their homes as we walked, and followed us at a safe distance. When I called them over, a few ran away, but others approached me nervously. They all knew Ned Timmis and treated him with respect. Some were well-clad and well-shod; others less so, but at least none was barefoot. I smiled at them, told them who I was and handed out pennies; at which most touched their forelocks and scampered back indoors. This deference was a new experience for me!

   I inspected our sheep and cattle, and endeavoured to ask intelligent questions. A shepherd told me that the season for lambing was approaching, and they were all praying there would be no more snow.  I saw barns of hay, of wheat and barley and turnips. I learned that Mrs Andrew had read about new methods of husbandry and had ordered them to carried out. Timmis admitted that the villagers, including he himself (who, I found out later, could read well enough, but preferred not to write anything beyond the signing of his name unless absolutely necessary) had initially been mistrustful of all this “book-learning”, but he had followed Mrs Andrew’s instructions, and he now conceded that many had proved successful. For several years now they had grown turnips to feed the cattle and sheep over winter. By way of contrast, he told me that Sir James Wilbrahim was invincibly hostile to any innovations in the cultivation of his lands.  

   I then asked Timmis if I might see his home, which was leased from the estate. He was reluctant to allow this, pleading that it was but a poor place, but when I persuaded him to admit me, I thought it a most comfortable dwelling. It was clean and in good repair. There was a large kitchen, with rag rugs on the stone floor and a good-sized fireplace, with a spinning wheel in the corner. An old oak dresser held an array of pewter plates and vessels, all spotless. His wife, Ann, a short woman with dark hair and eyes, rose and curtsied to me, but uttered not a word. Their two children, I was told, were both out at work. I asked whether I could make any improvements to the building, but Timmis hastened to assure me that none were needed.

   We resumed our walk, crossing enormous fields divided into long strips, which Timmis designated as “This one for wheat …. This one for barley …. This one for hay” and so forth. Eventually we came to the edge of a mere, two or three acres in extent, where we halted. The water was frozen, and a few geese and ducks were slithering around on it or pecking disconsolately at the frost-withered reeds and grass. There was an old rotten-looking punt drawn up out of the water in a ramshackle boathouse. Brackenridge hill loomed above the far bank.

   I felt it a sad scene, but Timmis told me, with a degree of pride, “Once all this here was marshland, but Squire Andrew’s father, he spiled the banks and drained the land. It’s good earth here now. Mrs Andrew, she once said”, he added, in an unexpectedly poetic note, “that the soil was like chocolate!” I had to take Timmis’s word for it, since for the moment I could see only frost and snow.

   “The village boys go swimming here in the summer”, he continued, “and such as have skates use it in winter. Squire Andrew, he used to shoot the wildfowl, and he loved fishing too, catching pike and tench, but since he died there’s been nowt but poachers come here”.

   We continued onwards. Further to the north, much of the land was waste: too poor to be farmed. On the drier patches there were a few miserable hovels belonging to squatters, who were tolerated because their labour might be needed at haymaking or harvest. It occurred to me how much the villagers wholly depended upon my benevolence for their mere survival.     

     On the next Sunday I attended our little church. Timmis and his wife were there, and presented to me their two children, Jack and Sarah. The girl looked about eighteen and the boy two or three years younger, and both as strong and honest as their father. If Samuel Chamberlain was nervous at my presence, he did not show it, but preached a strong sermon on the Resurrection. The church was full, perhaps because the local people wished to inspect me, and the benches were insufficient for everyone, so many folk were obliged to stand throughout the service. Another of my duties would be to supply more benches. More expenses!


   One day I drove with Clifford to see the town of Bereton. We first visited the church, dedicated to Saint Luke; an old building in the Gothic style, with a square tower. Near the elaborate pulpit was a large oaken private pew with high sides, belonging to the Wilbrahim family. The floor of the nave was covered with old tiles and ancient tombstones whose inscriptions were worn illegible by the passage of feet. There were ornate memorials on the wall of the nave to Sir James Wilbrahim’s father and grandfather. On the south side of the chancel was a small side-chapel, somewhat out of repair, containing a large chest tomb on which reposed an effigy of a knight in full armour. His feet rested on a small lion of comical aspect, its head turned to snarl at whoever dared approach. His lady lay at his side. Both had been much defaced over the centuries; noses and fingers had been broken off and initials cut into the soft stone. Who were they? Clifford was only able to tell me that he believed the knight’s name was Curtis, or something like that, and that they were said to be ancestors of the Wilbrahims. He thought Mrs Andrew might have written something on the subject. I reflected on the nature of mortality: this man and his lady, surviving only as pieces of stone to be defaced by idle hands, with Clifford not even certain of their names.



      At the centre of the town was the market place, in which stood the town hall; a curious old building with pointed arches around an open area supporting a rectangular superstructure. Clifford led me up a staircase in the corner to introduce me to the Mayor: a prosperous innkeeper and churchwarden by the name of Jabez Stout, whose bulk reflected his name. When I praised the picturesque appearance of the building, he said that was all very well, but Bereton had long wanted a more commodious town hall, and hinted that a substantial contribution from me would not go amiss. I promised to do what I could. I said that the church would also benefit from restoration, to which he agreed.

   The main street of the town ran east-west, following the line of the ridge above the town. Some of the buildings on the main street were of local stone, others of wood and plaster, but few looked younger than a century in age. There were to be found the principal inns and shops: victuallers, shoemakers, drapers, purveyors of earthenware and others. There were not very many in total, and the goods on offer were meagre, but when Clifford introduced me, I made myself agreeable by purchasing a few small items I did not really need. I commissioned from a carpenter some benches for my church. There were a few beggars seated or sprawled by the roadside, displaying placards signifying they were blind or crippled, and I distributed a few coppers.

  In one side street I noticed a small place of worship, and asked Clifford about it.   

   “It is a Dissenters’ chapel,” he said, “It was torn down by rioters in the troubles of 1715, and Sir Charles Wilbrahim, Sir James’s father, who was the magistrate, refused to prosecute those responsible for the outrage. Then the new King, George I, and his Whig ministers dismissed Sir Charles from his magistery and ordered it rebuilt at the public expense. Inside you will find the royal arms of King George displayed on the wall in gratitude. Sir James and the Rector, Mr Bunbridge, both hate it, and would love to see it closed; and this was the cause of another dispute with Mr and Mrs Andrew, who supported the Dissenters.”

   Some side alleys were very mean; the crowded and tumbledown residences of landless labourers, quarrymen and suchlike poor folk. The largest butcher’s premises was most ill-situated on a slope so that in times of heavy rain all the offal and filth would be washed down into the main street. I asked Clifford why no drain had been constructed, and he replied that both the will and the cash were lacking. I suspected that I would be expected to make a contribution to both these, and probably to repairs to the church as well. Becoming a citizen of prominence would clearly not be without its costs!

  

      On one day of cold and rain, I decided to make a full investigation of the library. I discovered there a lady I had not seen before; as thin as a lath and grey in every way: grey dress, grey hair and grey face. Her attention was wholly given to a mass of old papers that covered a table, to such an extent that she did not observe my entry, and I was obliged to ask her to introduce herself and explain why she was there. Only then did she look up, and addressed me politely but without any obsequiousness.

   Her name, she informed me, was Mrs Waring; she had been for many years a friend and companion to Mrs Andrew, and on hearing that I had taken possession of the house she had taken the liberty of returning to the library to put Mrs Andrew’s papers in order. She apologised for not having first sought my permission, for she had been ill during my earlier visit. I replied that I was not in the least offended, and begged her to show me the library and its contents.

   Mrs Waring undertook the task with alacrity. She hurried from shelf to shelf on eager feet and pulled out book after book for me to inspect. It was a very extensive library and she was proud to be its custodian. I was shown that all the great works of antiquity were present, both in the original tongues and in translation; there were books in French and Italian, the works of the English poets and playwrights, histories of many countries, books on the improvement of farming and folios with engravings of birds and plants, but no novels. “Mrs Andrew considered reading novels a waste of time”, I was told.

   I asked her how she came to know my aunt. She said had been rescued from servitude as a children’s governess ten years ago and brought to the Priory to assist Mrs Andrew in the library. Mrs Andrew, she said, was a most learned lady, fluent in French and Latin and able to read Italian. She had always been a friend of my mother and had followed my education closely; and, being pleased with the reports she had received, had instructed Mr Clifford to draw up a will leaving her entire property to me.

   Mention of Clifford reminded me of the effigy of the knight I had seen in the church at Bereton, whom Clifford thought might be called Curtis, and whom my aunt might have known about. Mrs Waring was scornful at Clifford’s ignorance. “Curtis, indeed!” she exclaimed, “No, his name was Sir Everard de Courtoise, and his wife was the Lady Alice. They lived in the fourteenth century. Their descendants lived at Stanegate and bought the Priory here when Henry VIII dissolved all the monasteries in England. But the family died out in the direct male line long ago, the lands were divided between cousins as heiresses, and the Wilbrahim family obtained most of the land in this county”.

      She turned to scrabble through the shelves again, muttering to herself as she searched, and eventually located a volume of the “Gentleman’s Magazine” from ten years ago. “Here you are!” she exclaimed triumphantly, showing me an essay describing the ancient family of Courtoise, tracing their origins back to the time of Edward the First. It was signed “I.A.”

   “Mrs Andrew always signed this way. She thought it best not to mention that she was a lady. Of course, I helped her with her work.”


   I formed the distinct impression that she expected me to read the piece there and then. To avoid this, I imprudently asked, “And did Mrs Andrew write anything else?”

   “Indeed she did!” exclaimed Mrs Waring, and gleefully produced   another volume for my inspection. “Here”, she explained, “is a description of an ancient Druidic stone circle to be found on the summit of Brackenridge hill. We walked up there together one summer’s day. These are engravings of the pictures I drew of the stones. We think it must also have been used by the Romans as a lookout station.”

   I felt I had little option but to examine these, and next she opened an old wooden chest. “Mrs Andrew intended to have these displayed in a proper cabinet.” she told me, in a meaningful tone. There was a bundle of old parchment manuscripts in a script that I could not read, and below them a jumble of rusted bits of metal, shells embedded in rock, ancient coins and other rubbish. All of these I was told, had been collected on or near Brackenridge hill.

   “Mrs Andrew would ask the village children to bring her anything odd they found. She never failed to give pennies to children who brought in scraps of old broken pottery or whatever”.

  “Much of this must date from before Noah’s flood”, I commented, in an attempt to show an intelligent interest.

   “Mrs Andrew had doubts about the dating of the flood!” Mrs Waring replied in a shocked whisper, as if not wanting this blasphemy to be more widely known. 

   We then passed to the papers, which were spread out over the table, with other piles on shelves. My guide excused the muddle by explaining that the maids had swept them up hugger-mugger into heaps in the cupboards for ease of dusting, and she had yet to sort them out fully. I was shown notes on the antiquities of Bereton and a plan of the Priory in the days of the monks. I was impressed to find letters from Mr Horace Walpole, the son of the late Prime Minister, and other eminent persons. Mr Andrew remained a shadowy figure, but my estimation of my aunt continued to increase.

   Finally my attention was drawn to the ceiling of the library, which was plastered in a riot of peculiar shapes. Mrs Waring informed me that it dated from the age of Queen Elizabeth, and pointed out how dirty it was; which, being a man, I had not noticed. “Mrs Andrew was very short-sighted towards the end of her life, and could not see the cobwebs”, she complained, “I tell the maids to dust it, but they never take any notice of what I say”.

   “Then you should tell Mrs Timmis”, I suggested. But the only answer to this was a snort.

   What should I do with this peculiar specimen of femininity? I felt certain that her title of “Mrs” must have been self-awarded, since I could not imagine her as being anything other than purely virginal. I would have been justified in ordering her out of my house forthwith, before she caused me to expire with tedium. Or should I just make an excuse and flee her presence? But I did neither of these things: instead I told her that I greatly desired that she should continue her work of putting my aunt’s papers in order. Would she now accept a payment of £20 a year (a figure that I snatched from the air, remembering what the curate had been paid), plus all meals, to act as my librarian?

   Looking back on this scene, I cannot precisely account for why I made her the offer. Did I feel pity for the absurd woman? Or was I secretly hoping that she might reject the sum as an insult and flounce out in disgust? If the latter was the case, I was to be disappointed. Mrs Waring at pains to tell me that she had never been a servant: she had been a companion to Mrs Andrew and had assisted her in her researches, but had neither asked for nor accepted any payment: certainly not! Mrs Andrew had left her a small legacy, she added, placing an emphasis on the word “small”. Then, having unburdened herself after this fashion, she put up only the most taken resistance before accepting my offer. I then departed with feelings of relief, leaving her to continue her sorting of the papers. Occasionally, when the weather was bad, I would visit the library and asked Mrs Waring to find me some particular book, but was always careful to stress that I could only spare a very few minutes there. 

   I interrupted Mrs Timmis’s spring cleaning to inform her of these new arrangements. She accepted it without demur or comment, but I gained the impression that she did not greatly care for Mrs Waring. Quite likely, I reflected, Mrs Timmis viewed the librarian as useless for anything but endless talk, and Mrs Waring in her turn looked down on the housekeeper as uneducated, and hence inferior. But I had made my choice, and I would now have to try to maintain the peace in my household.

 

Sunday 5 February 2023

Chapter Five: I travel north

(It is early in the year 1761. Charles Huntingdon has inherited a country property from his aunt, and has decided to visit it) 


   I was given many dire warnings concerning the perils of travelling in winter: stories of stagecoaches overturned with passengers’ arms and legs broken, men and horses drowned in crossing swollen rivers, coachmen frozen to death on their boxes; and, even if these disasters were avoided, of journeys such as mine being prolonged to a week or more. The only hopeful aspect, I was given to understand, was that at least the bad weather might cause the numerous highwaymen who haunted the route might prefer to stay indoors.  But I was not deterred, for I was eager to inspect my new property without delay, and I also wished to escape the tiresome importunities of the duns. I had my landlady pack me some boxes of clothes and instructed her to keep my rooms vacant for when I next came to London. I discovered that the stage coaches could take me as far as Mulchester, a few miles south of Bereton, so I wrote to the Priory, my aunt’s house that was now mine, informing them of my proposed arrival there.

   The first two days of the journey northwards followed good turnpike roads and passed without incident, though could scarcely be called pleasant. The weather was cold and miserable, and the company no more cheerful. Because of the season, the only other travellers on the coach by the end of the second day were an elderly-looking man and two ladies, whom I guessed were his wife and daughter. He never introduced them, nor did I ever find out the purpose of their journey. A casual opening remark by me concerning the weather produced only a forbidding silence. I felt that the daughter at least would have enjoyed a talk, but was deterred by severe glances of her father. The man did nothing but grumble about the weather, the supposed insolence of the coachman and the quality of the inns where we halted. I soon found his company unendurable, and I was much relieved whenever we did halt at an inn and I was able to escape from his presence for a while.

   On the third day my fellow-travellers became increasingly nervous as we entered wild wooded country south of Mulchester, where the turnpike ended and the road became much rougher. This district, they told me, was the haunt of a notorious highwayman known as Black George.

   “He robbed friends of ours last year,” said the mother, “He is said to be a gentleman who would never harm a lady, but who can trust anyone in these fallen times?” Her husband said nothing, but their daughter proudly announced, “I at least have come prepared!” and produced a tiny pistol, scarcely more than a toy, which she was concealing in her muff. Her parents were as astonished as I was.

 “It’s loaded, primed and ready for use against anyone who might make an attempt on my virtue!” she declared as she waved the little weapon about, much to everyone’s alarm. I decided to abandon this grotesque family, and, the day now being cold but clear and bright, left the carriage to take a seat on the box alongside the coachman, whom I thought might prove better company.

                                                     (A small pistol for ladies)

   This proved a bad decision. There was no sign of Black George, but a few miles further on the coach almost overturned! Suddenly the front left wheel ran into what appeared to be an ice-covered puddle but proved to be a deep hole, and stuck there! Fearing the coach would overturn I leapt clear and landed on my feet in a slough of freezing mud. I escaped injury, but my shoes were full of water, my stockings soaked and my breeches splashed all over with dirt. I lost my hat and wig, and had to run to catch them before they blew away. The coach did not overturn, but remained leaning at a precarious angle, and the passengers clambered out with some difficulty. We removed the heavy luggage and the coachman contrived to quieten the horses, but setting the vehicle upright again proved beyond our joint strength, though even the old gentleman lending a reluctant hand before abandoning the attempt and retreating to redouble his grumbling. What were we to do? This would, of course, have been the golden opportunity for Black George to rob us. The older lady was understandably alarmed at the prospect, and her daughter flourished her toy firearm in all directions with great bravado, but happily there was no sign of any such person.

   I volunteered to seek help. Looking around, I fancied I could see smoke away on the left through the leafless trees and I ventured down a path in that direction, icy water squelching in my shoes at every step. Before long I discovered a tiny settlement of ruinous cottages in a clearing.

   There was nobody in sight except a small child, half-naked despite the cold, who on seeing me squawked with fear and fled inside one of the huts. From this a man appeared, holding a stout stick and with hostility written plain on his dirty and unshaven face. He challenged me in a snarling voice, but I could barely understand a word he said. He was now joined by other cottagers, men and women with their brats peering from behind them. They regarded me with suspicion as I endeavoured to explain the disaster that had befallen our coach, and the need for assistance in righting it. I promised money if they would come to our assistance, at which they held a brief consultation together. I wondered whether they were deciding whether it might be less arduous to knock me down and rob me of everything I possessed, but maybe my scarecrow-like appearance suggested that such a course was not worth the effort for the meagre rewards it might bring. As it was, a few of the men agreed to come to our aid.

  Righting the coach proved no easy task, though the hole proved to be less than knee deep, but by much labour, accompanied by not a few rustic oaths, we achieved our task, and the coach happily proved to be undamaged. Our helpers were then thanked and rewarded as promised, mostly from my purse; for the old gentleman harrumphed at what he regarded as excessive generosity and showed a great reluctance in parting with a few small coins for our rescuers. Any moralist, I thought, would have been gratified to discover that these cottagers, although sunk in poverty, had nonetheless behaved so helpfully towards strangers.

   I clambered back inside the coach and was now shivering violently, but the ladies made a great fuss of me, hailing me as a hero and insisting on draping me with their cloaks lest I should catch my death of cold. The daughter mopped out my shoes with her shawl, but her proposal to rub my frozen feet back to warmth was vetoed by her parents. Mother and daughter demanded that we stopped at the next inn we encountered, a squalid place where with some difficulty I was able to obtain hot water to wash and to change into fresh clothes from my boxes. All this took time, during which interval my gentleman fellow-traveller complained loudly about the very poor quality of the wine he was sold; though in that matter I would concede that he had justification.

  At least the delay enabled us to recover our spirits, which had been much shaken by our near-disaster, and we reached Mulchester late that afternoon without further incident.


(The coach overturns, by Thomas Rowlandson)

   This proved to be a large and bustling sort of town. I was obliged to alight here, for the coach would now proceed eastwards, whereas Bereton lay a few miles to the north. I accordingly had my boxes unloaded at the sign of the Duke of Buckingham and took a seat inside, ordering beer and victuals to revive me after my journey.    

   I now met with a severe disappointment, for I was informed by a waiter that coach services to Bereton were very irregular; none would be running this day or the next. I said that in that case I would need a room for the night; at which he shook his head sadly and said that all were likely to be already taken.

  I approached the landlord. My untidy appearance following my recent misadventures doubtless told against me, and his initial response was haughty and unhelpful. However, when I informed him that I was the heir to the Andrew property and had come to inspect my inheritance, he suddenly became vastly obliging: bowing and rubbing his hands together in an ingratiating manner, he told me that he had lived in the town for his entire life and that he had known Mrs Andrew well. He was loud in her praise, laying particular emphasis on her generosity to the Mulchester tradesmen. I wondered how much of this was true: his implication that I ought to be equally free in spending my money being quite transparent. More usefully, he told me that my new home, the Priory, was well known in the district; lying less than half an hour’s ride to the west of Bereton, and he insisted on despatching a man forthwith to bear a message that I had arrived and was anxious to view my new home.

   When I indicated that I wished to spend the night at the inn while I awaited a reply, he swept aside the discouraging information given me by the waiter, and after much rousting around of his servants a room was duly found: “The very best room!” he proclaimed proudly. He volunteered to show me up there himself, expressing the hope that he could count upon my patronage in the years to come. I considered the price I was charged excessive, but saw no point in arguing about it. Afterwards I wondered if some unfortunate traveller of less importance had been summarily evicted to make space for the new arrival, or whether I had simply not appeared rich enough to merit a favourable response.

  I did not sleep well that night, though the bedsheets and blankets were at least clean, the floor must have been swept fairly recently and there were not too many cobwebs in the corners. A fire had been lit in the small grate and the windows shut tight against the cold, so the room was in consequence not cold but instead was stuffy and airless, and a strange smell pervaded the place. I wondered, was this really the best room? Or was the landlord not convinced that I was who I claimed to be, and had accordingly placed me in one of the lesser rooms? I did not unpack my boxes, but lay in the shirt and breeches in which I had travelled after my accident. My mind rolled round endlessly in anticipation of seeing the Priory, which was now so close. What would I find there? How should I behave towards my new servants and neighbours? But at some point I must have dozed off, and was awakened by the noise of carts moving in the yard outside.

 

   Towards noon that day a waiter conducted to me a small, neat man, quick in his movements, who politely asked me if I was Mr Huntingdon. On my confirming that this was indeed the case, he introduced himself as Martin Clifford, my late aunt’s attorney. He was eager to make a good impression, but was nervous, and in consequence talked much too rapidly at the start. I let him rattle on, until after a while he was happy to accept my assurance that I would trust him and treat him as an advisor and friend. The landlord now appeared bringing a bottle of wine and a pie, and then hovered in the background trying to hear what we were saying. I found this annoying, but Clifford, who must have known him well, ignored him.

  Clifford hoped I had had a comfortable journey. The tale of our adventures in the stagecoach caused him to shake his head sadly at the perils of winter travel. Black George, I learnt, was a very real threat to travellers on the route we had travelled. At the same time, he assured me, the staff at the Priory, and indeed all the people of Bereton, would be proud and delighted that I had gone to all this trouble to visit them. Since my aunt’s death, he said, the house had been left in the care of her housekeeper, Mrs Timmis, whose brother Ned was a prosperous tenant farmer on the estate. They, together with Clifford himself, had looked after Mrs Andrew’s affairs during the illness of her final years and after her death. He would be happy to discuss with me the state of the finances whenever I should wish, and he trusted I would find everything in order.

  I asked him about the history of the family, but he said that I would find all the detail I needed from my aunt’s papers, for she was a great antiquary. Her late husband, Mr Paul Andrew, had been the last of his line, and my mother and her husband were the only members of Mrs Andrew’s family who had produced offspring, thus leaving me as the heir.  

  “Mr Andrew died a dozen years ago, having been sick for some time before that. In his will he left everything to his widow, and then to go to whomsoever she should choose. She watched over your education and always intended that you should inherit the Priory. A number of hopeful gentlemen sought to marry her, for she was rich and had no children of her own, but she wouldn’t have any of them! She was a very independent lady.”

   He now asked me what I might wish to know concerning the town of Bereton and its people. I laughingly replied that I was already confused by the pronunciation of its name, for I had noticed that some said “Beerton” while others said “Berraton”: which was more correct? Clifford, who by now felt more at ease in my presence, replied with great mock solemnity that this was a matter of the utmost controversy, causing divisions as deep and hostile as those in the past between Jacobites and Hanoverians, but that he personally preferred the latter pronunciation. I might even have discovered, he added in shocked tones, that the town was sometimes named as “Beht’n”, but this deplorable usage was limited to the common people here in Mulchester. 

  Mention of Jacobites led me to recount how I had been told that one of Bereton’s Members of Parliament, Sir James Wilbrahim, was a notorious Jacobite. Clifford replied cautiously. Sir James, he said, was the most prominent gentleman in these parts, and well-respected; a Member of Parliament like his father and grandfather before him, but was now something of a recluse: a widower for many years past, living with his daughter and a few old servants at his home of Stanegate Hall to the east of the town and seldom travelling to London. He suggested that I should write to Sir James informing him that I had come to claim my inheritance, and I might then be invited to visit Stanegate, where I could judge things for myself.

  “For my part,” he said, “I have avoided asking too many questions concerning certain unfortunate past events, since feelings still run strongly around here, and, if I may say so, I would advise you to do the same, at least until you are better acquainted with the district and its people.” I nodded, and promised to follow this advice. I then said that after the noise and endless turmoil of London I was looking forward to living a life of bucolic peace and quiet, in a village where the events of the outer world never intruded, to which he replied that this was true at the moment, but it was impossible to predict the future.

 

  Outside the inn we mounted a trap drawn by a pair of horses, where there was just sufficient room for the two of us and my boxes. Clifford said that this equipage had belonged to my aunt, and hoped that I would pardon him for having used it after her death and without my permission. A silent man named Henry drove us.

  We set off northwards. After a while a long low hill loomed up ahead of us in the dim winter light. Its summit was invisible through the heavy cloud and its steep lower slopes were covered in a tangle of trees and undergrowth, leafless and gloomy. Clifford explained this was named Brackenridge on the maps, but locals called it simply “the hill”. The town of Bereton was situated below its southern flank. Brackenridge had for uncounted ages been quarried for its stone, and once there had been copper mines running deep into the lower slopes, in consequence of which Bereton had in former times been a town of importance. But the mines had long been abandoned, and many of the quarries too, so the town as a result had decayed, whereas Mulchester had grown.

   We did not follow the road into Bereton, but turned left on a drovers’ track which led to the village of Bearsclough, just beyond the western end of the ridge, where I would find my new home. We drove beneath the southern face of the hill. The track was narrow: at some points sheer rock faces loomed above us on the right, and at others we appeared to be on the floor of a narrow valley, where the rocks and earth on either side were held in place by the roots of ancient trees. I could see hardly anything from the single lantern we carried, but our horses and driver must have known the way even in the dark.  It was very cold and a steady sleet began to fall. The canvas serving as a roof to the carriage was flimsy, and I was shaken by the rough track. This was hardly the best introduction to country life at my new home!


                                                  (The path to Bearsclough in summer)

At last we left the ridge behind us and came to open fields. It was less dark once out from under the trees, and soon we passed a cluster of cottages which was the village of Bearsclough. Then we drove through a gateway and along a gravel drive to a large stone building. I had reached the Priory, and I was its new owner! Someone had heard our approach, for a door was flung open and two servants rushed out to unload my luggage.

   I was welcomed at the door by a large woman, broad rather than tall, with a formidably ample bosom. Her eyes were bright and shrewd, her skin was clear, and her hair, which was mostly contained under a white mob-cap, was brown. I judged her to be about forty or fifty years old. Clifford introduced her as Mrs Timmis, the housekeeper. She must have been nervous at meeting her new master for the first time, for she was constantly rubbing her hands on her apron, which despite this treatment remained a virginal spotless white. But her voice was steady as she welcomed me to my new home, and hoped that my journey had gone well and that I would find everything in order. I attempted to set her at her ease by saying that I was greatly looking forward to residing at the Priory. 

   Clifford now bade me goodbye, declining my invitation to stay longer and saying that his own home was not far away and he wished to reach it without delay since the weather was getting worse. He told Henry to fetch his own horse and he then departed, promising to return in a day or so to acquaint me with the accounts of the estate.

 

  My coat was taken and I was conducted into the parlour, where a fire blazed in a vast hearth of grey stone. I sat in a chair before it and asked for a bowl of hot water to wash my face and hands, and then for tea. These were swiftly brought, following which the servants were lined up to be presented to me. There were half a dozen indoor servants, mostly women and girls, as well as two gardeners, the silent Henry as stableman, and various boys who helped them. They all appeared neat and clean, and bowed or curtsied in a most respectful manner. They were all here to serve me! I briefly addressed them all, but it was Mrs Timmis who then gave them their orders, which they scurried away to fulfil. The cook and her assistants returned to the kitchen to prepare a dinner for me, and two maids were despatched to unpack my boxes.

   “I expect you’ll be wanting to take on servants of your own”, said Mrs Timmis cautiously.

  I assured her that I was perfectly satisfied with what I had seen. indeed, I felt immediately at home, and was enjoying my first experience of being the master of a household. A little later she approached me in an apologetic manner.

   “You don’t seem to have brought no dressing gown, sir”, she ventured, “and I’m afraid this is the only one in the house. It belonged to the old master, sir”.

  She produced a long garment of heavy quilted cotton, embroidered with Indian designs. I said it would do very well, and after my coat and waistcoat were taken away to be brushed, I allowed her to help me put it on. Standing in front of a mirror, wearing Mr Andrew’s old gown, I turned from side to side admiring myself in the glass and felt very much the new master of the house. It was in this manner that I was approached by a maid to tell me that dinner was ready.

  I found a long oak table set with English blue and white earthenware, which seemed more suitable for the occasion than Lord Teesdale’s delicate foreign porcelain. I was served a collar of brawn with bottled mushrooms and vegetables, followed by an apple pie and cheese, together with good ale from a barrel. Mrs Timmis proudly informed me that all this produce came from my own farms, supervised since the death of Mrs Andrew by her brother Ned, whilst at the same time apologising that the fare should be far inferior to what I was accustomed to in London. I said, quite truthfully, it was very good. I desired that she should sit at the table and talk with me; which however she politely but firmly declined to do, preferring to remain standing. She was never still; always talking or bustling about, and usually both together.

  I resolved to use Mrs Timmis as a source for all future knowledge of the town of Bereton and the country around; but for the present I found I could barely keep my eyes open, and despite the fact that it was still early evening, directly I had finished the meal I asked to be shown to my bedroom.

  Mrs Timmis took a candle and herself conducted me up the stairs to a room above where I had dined, still talking. “I hope you won’t object, sir”, she said, “but I’ve taken the liberty of making up the bed that the mistress died in; for it’s the best bed in the house. I can have a bed made up elsewhere if you prefer”. I assured her that there was no need to go to such trouble. She lit me a candle from the one she carried, asked me whether I needed a servant to help me undress, and on being assured that this would not be necessary, pointed out a bell I could ring to call a servant at any time, and finally departed.

  I scarcely examined the bed before collapsing into it. My first night as a country gentleman in my own house! The bed, though old, was a good one; soft and comfortable, with a mahogany frame supporting heavy blue damask curtains. I was tired, but very happy. The privations of the journey had been a price well worth paying to achieve this satisfaction. I soon drifted into sleep.